Preserving and Enhancing Cold-Water Refugia in Nova Scotia Watersheds

The Confederacy of Mainland Mi’kmaq’s Department of Aquatic Resources and Fisheries Management worked to identify, protect, and enhance cold-water refugia—naturally cooler pockets within streams that are vital to the survival of native aquatic species—to strengthen watershed resilience in the face of climate change. By improving these critical habitats, the project supported healthier fish populations and increased the ability of local watersheds to withstand warming temperatures. The work was carried out in partnership with Mi’kmaq communities, local groups, and youth, creating meaningful opportunities for hands-on conservation and long-term stewardship across Nova Scotia’s freshwater ecosystems.